电泳涂装作为现代工业表面处理的重要工艺，根据不同特性可进行多重分类。按光泽效果区分，可分为有光电泳和消光电泳；按涂料类型划分，则涵盖清漆与色漆两大类别。其中，清漆在实际应用中最为广泛，而色漆又细分为亚光漆、白色漆、彩色漆等多种类型，以满足多样化的装饰需求。

Electrophoretic coating, as an important process for modern industrial surface treatment, can be classified into multiple categories based on different characteristics. According to the gloss effect, it can be divided into light electrophoresis and extinction electrophoresis; According to the type of coating, it covers two major categories: clear varnish and colored paint. Among them, clear varnish is the most widely used in practical applications, while colored paint is further divided into various types such as matte paint, white paint, and colored paint to meet diverse decorative needs.

电泳涂漆是在阳极氧化处理基础上进行的后续工艺。以铝型材为例，其电泳过程是将铝型材置于电泳槽内，通过电流作用，在表面形成一层致密的树脂膜层。这层膜实为阳极氧化膜与电泳涂层的复合结构，相较于单纯的阳极氧化型材，其耐候性能得到显著提升。经电泳处理的型材虽外观精美华丽，但膜层相对脆弱，在使用过程中容易被划伤。

Electrophoretic coating is a subsequent process carried out on the basis of anodizing treatment. Taking aluminum profiles as an example, the electrophoresis process involves placing the aluminum profile in an electrophoresis tank and forming a dense resin film layer on the surface through the action of current. This layer of film is actually a composite structure of anodized film and electrophoretic coating, which significantly improves its weather resistance compared to pure anodized profiles. Although the profile processed by electrophoresis has an exquisite and gorgeous appearance, the film layer is relatively fragile and easily scratched during use.

电泳涂装与电解着色是两种截然不同的工艺：电解着色依赖封孔工艺实现颜色固定，而电泳涂装则通过电泳涂漆工艺，使涂料均匀附着于工件表面。铝型材电泳涂料的主要成分包括丙烯酸树脂，同时需配合有机胺或无机碱作为中和剂、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂作为固化剂，并添加颜料、溶剂及各类功能性添加剂。

Electrophoretic coating and electrolytic coloring are two completely different processes: electrolytic coloring relies on the sealing process to achieve color fixation, while electrophoretic coating uses the electrophoretic coating process to evenly adhere the coating to the surface of the workpiece. The main components of aluminum profile electrophoretic coating include acrylic resin, which needs to be combined with organic amines or inorganic bases as neutralizing agents, melamine formaldehyde resin as curing agent, and added with pigments, solvents, and various functional additives.

电泳涂装的特性：

Characteristics of electrophoretic coating:

优势：

Advantages:

涂层表现优异，具有丰满、均匀、平整光滑的特点；

The coating exhibits excellent performance, characterized by fullness, uniformity, smoothness, and flatness;

漆膜综合性能突出，在硬度、附着力、抗腐蚀性、耐酸碱性及抗撞击性等方面表现良好；

The comprehensive performance of the paint film is outstanding, showing good performance in hardness, adhesion, corrosion resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and impact resistance;

与其他表面处理工艺相比，电泳涂层的耐渗透性更强，且不易褪色。

Compared with other surface treatment processes, electrophoretic coatings have stronger penetration resistance and are less prone to fading.

局限性：

Limitations:

对基材要求严苛，铝合金表面需保证平滑，尽量减少机械缺陷；

Strict requirements are placed on the substrate, and the surface of the aluminum alloy must be smooth to minimize mechanical defects;

对氧化着色工艺精度要求极高；

The precision requirements for the oxidation coloring process are extremely high;

颜色选择相对有限，主要集中于青铜色系列，如银白、香槟、金黄、黑色、仿不锈钢色等；型材表面的微小瑕疵易暴露，且不同批次的电泳色之间容易出现色差。

The color options are relatively limited, mainly concentrated in the bronze series, such as silver white, champagne, golden, black, imitation stainless steel color, etc; Minor defects on the surface of profiles are easily exposed, and color differences are prone to occur between different batches of electrophoretic colors.

消光电泳（瓷泳）工艺解析：

Analysis of extinction electrophoresis (porcelain electrophoresis) process:

消光电泳，俗称瓷泳，可视为电泳工艺的升级版本。相较于粉末喷涂，瓷泳处理后的铝型材表面呈现出更细腻丝滑的触感，有效减少了常见的 “橘皮” 现象。其核心优势包括：

Extinction electrophoresis, commonly known as porcelain electrophoresis, can be regarded as an upgraded version of electrophoresis technology. Compared to powder coating, the surface of aluminum profiles treated with porcelain swimming presents a finer and smoother texture, effectively reducing the common "orange peel" phenomenon. Its core advantages include:

性能卓越：经瓷泳处理的铝型材表面硬度大幅提升，在耐腐蚀、耐候性及耐盐雾测试中表现出色；

Excellent performance: The surface hardness of aluminum profiles treated with ceramic swimming has been significantly improved, and they perform well in corrosion resistance, weather resistance, and salt spray resistance tests;

视觉舒适：表面光泽柔和，能够有效降低室内因型材反光产生的光污染；

Visual comfort: The surface gloss is soft and can effectively reduce indoor light pollution caused by reflective profiles;

触感优异：具备独特的丝滑质感，带来舒适的触觉体验；

Excellent tactile sensation: With a unique silky texture, it brings a comfortable tactile experience;

易于维护：表面致密光滑，污渍难以附着，日常清洁仅需简单擦拭即可恢复洁净。

Easy to maintain: The surface is dense and smooth, and stains are difficult to adhere to. Daily cleaning only requires simple wiping to restore cleanliness.

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